A new efficient 3D non-hydrostatic free-surface flow model for simulating water wave motions     

Doo Yong Choi  Chin H. Wu   《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(5-6):587-609

A new three-dimensional, non-hydrostatic free surface flow model is presented. For simulating water wave motions over uneven bottoms, the model employs an explicit project method on a Cartesian the staggered gird system to solve the complete three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations. A bi-conjugated gradient method with a pre-conditioning procedure is used to solve the resulting matrix system. The model is capable of resolving non-hydrostatic pressure by incorporating the integral method of the top-layer pressure treatment, and predicting wave propagation and interaction over irregular bottom by including a partial bottom-cell treatment. Four examples of surface wave propagation are used to demonstrate the capability of the model. Using a small of vertical layers (e.g. 2–3 layers), it is shown that the model could effectively and accurately resolve wave shoaling, non-linearity, dispersion, fission, refraction, and diffraction phenomena.  相似文献   

投影寻踪门限回归模型在年径流预测中的应用   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：9  

金菊良  魏一鸣  丁晶 《地理科学》2002,22(2):171-175

为预测年径流这类同维复杂动力系统，提出了投影寻踪门限回归（PPTR）模型。构造了新的投影指标函数，用门限回归（TR）模型描述投影值与预测对象间的非线性关系，并用实码加速遗传算法优化投影指标指数函数和TR模型参数。实例的计算结果表明，用PPTR模型预测年径流是可行而有效的。PPRT模型简便、适用性强，克服了目前投影寻踪方法计算量大、编程实现困难的缺点，有利投影寻踪方法的推广应用，为解决高维非线性复杂预测问题提供了新途径。  相似文献   

高维PP时间序列分析在地震预报中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王琼  朱令人 《地震工程学报》2003,25(2):103-111

将投影寻踪(PP)与高维时间序列分析结合起来，建立了地震PP综合预测模型。并选取祁连山地区作研究区，做了未来三个月内最大震级的短期预测，经展望式检验，合格率(预测误差≤0．5或≤10％)≥80％。中根据实际需要提出建立一定震级门限(M≥4．0)的预测具有更好的效果。本预测模型还可增加自变量、维数和改变时间尺度，并运用到其他领域中。  相似文献   

地理信息系统中数据产品的标准化     

蔡福根 《云南地理环境研究》1996,8(2):28-33

本文概述了地理信息系统在我国的兴起和发展及其国外背景和应用前景。论述了数据产品在地理信息系统中的重要性及其标准化的重要性和必要性。简单地提出了标准化的解决方法，以便参考。从而呼请有关部门对这一实际问题给予足够的重视。  相似文献   

基于改进K-SVD字典学习方法的地震数据去噪   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

程时俊  韩立国  于江龙  张凤蛟 《世界地质》2018,37(2):627-635

为实现更好的地震数据去噪技术,笔者引入一种新的算法:快速迭代收缩阀值法(FISTA),通过FISTA和K-奇异值分解(K-SVD)不断迭代更新K-SVD字典,利用更新得到的K-SVD字典对地震数据进行稀疏表示,去除稀疏系数中较小的数值,使数据中的随机噪声得到压制。对层状模型合成地震记录,Marmousi模型合成地震记录以及实际地震数据进行对比实验,得出FISTA算法较OMP算法能更好地提高地震数据的信噪比,同时有效地保护了反射信号。  相似文献   

BCC-CSM2-MR模式对北极海冰和气候的模拟及预估     

任永建  肖莺  周兵 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(1):58-69

基于第六次耦合模式比较计划（CMIP6）,使用新一代全球模式BCC-CSM2-MR的历史试验和未来共享社会经济路径（SSPs）数据,依据Hadley中心的海表面温度和海冰密集度数据及NCEP/NCAR I再分析资料,评估了BCC-CSM2-MR模式对北极海冰及北极气候的模拟能力,并对未来变化进行了预估。结果表明：BCC-CSM2-MR模式可以较好再现北极海冰密集度、近地层大气平均温度和海表温度的多年平均空间分布特征。但模式对北极局地大气平均温度模拟存在一定偏差,可能在一定程度上导致相应地区海冰的模拟存在差异。21世纪,北极海冰范围持续减少,9月减少趋势显著,3月减少趋势相对较弱。3月北极大部地区表现为一致的增温,仅在北大西洋局部出现一定程度的降温,9月北极大气增温幅度弱于3月。与地表平均温度不同,3月和9月的北极大部地区海表温度均出现增加,且9月海表温度的增幅大于3月,仅拉布拉多海海温出现下降。  相似文献   

IPCC AR6报告解读：极端天气气候事件变化     

周波涛  钱进 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(6):713-718

与IPCC第五次评估报告（AR5）相比,在第六次评估报告（AR6）评估中,观测的极端天气气候事件变化证据,特别是归因于人为影响的证据加强。人类活动造成的气候变化已影响到全球每个区域的许多极端天气气候事件。随着未来全球变暖进一步加剧,预估极端热事件、强降水、农业生态干旱的强度和频次以及强台风（飓风）比例等将增加,越罕见的极端天气气候事件,其发生频率的增长百分比越大。这些结论再次凸显了应对气候变化和极端天气气候事件的必要性和紧迫性。  相似文献   

基于高分辨率模拟数据RCP4.5情景下的华中区域气候变化预估     

王苗  刘敏  任永建 《气象与环境学报》2021,37(3):65-72

基于RegCM4.4高分辨率区域气候模式数据和华中区域1986—2005年逐日气象观测资料,在对模式模拟性能检验的基础上,对中国华中区域未来不同时期、1.5℃和2℃温升阈值下气候变化进行预估。结果表明：模拟结果能较准确反映出区域气温、降水年内变化特征及空间分布特征;与观测值相比,气温模拟值偏低、降水模拟值偏大;与1986—2005年相比,未来RCP4.5温室气体排放情景下2020—2098年中国华中区域气温增幅为2.1℃,且以0.3℃/10 a的趋势增加,降水量无明显变化趋势;远期（2080—2098年）气温将上升2.88℃,降水将增加7.58%,均高于近期（2020—2035年）和中期（2046—2065年）;1.5℃温升情景下华中区域气温上升1.22℃,降水增加1.93%;2℃温升情景下,华中区域气温上升1.36℃,降水增加3.57%。  相似文献   

Super-resolution enhancement of UAV images based on fractional calculus and POCS     

Junfeng Lei  Shangyue Zhang  Li Luo  He Wang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2018,21(1):56-66

Abstract

A super-resolution enhancement algorithm was proposed based on the combination of fractional calculus and Projection onto Convex Sets (POCS) for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) images. The representative problems of UAV images including motion blur, fisheye effect distortion, overexposed, and so on can be improved by the proposed algorithm. The fractional calculus operator is used to enhance the high-resolution and low-resolution reference frames for POCS. The affine transformation parameters between low-resolution images and reference frame are calculated by Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) for matching. The point spread function of POCS is simulated by a fractional integral filter instead of Gaussian filter for more clarity of texture and detail. The objective indices and subjective effect are compared between the proposed and other methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms other algorithms in most cases, especially in the structure and detail clarity of the reconstructed images.  相似文献   

The development and analysis of quasi-linear map projections     

Jonathan Charles Iliffe 《制图学和地理信息科学》2018,45(3):270-283

Map projections are an essential component of coordinate systems used in applications such as surveying, topographic mapping, and engineering, and care needs to be taken to select ones that minimize distortion for each case. This article explores the selection process for near-linear features on the surface of the Earth and derives limits for the extent of a project that can be projected within specified distortion tolerances. It is then demonstrated that a multifaceted set of projections of the Earth may be used to extend this concept to the mapping of features such as highways and railways that are quasi-linear but do not exactly follow a standard geometrical line (a great circle or a small circle) on the surface of the Earth. A continuous, conformal coordinate system may be derived in such situations, extending to indefinite length and applicable over a swath of several kilometers width, but it cannot be extended to cover situations with extensive variations in height. Instead, the Snake Projection is analyzed, and it is shown that this can be used to develop continuous (non-zonal) projected coordinate systems for major engineering projects extending for hundreds of kilometers and having extensive height ranges. Examples are shown of the application to railway projects.  相似文献